Kwintsimi ekhula ngokukhawuleza yeenqwelo-moya ezingabonakaliyo (i-UAVs), iiyunithi zokulinganisa i-inertial (IMUs) zivelele njengenxalenye ephambili yokuphucula ukusebenza kwendiza kunye nokuchaneka kokuhamba. Njengoko imfuno yeedrones iqhubeka nokunyuka kumashishini ukusuka kwezolimo ukuya ekubekweni kweliso, ukudityaniswa kobuchwephesha be-IMU obuphambili buya bubaluleke kakhulu. Eli nqaku lihlolisisa indima ebalulekileyo ye-IMUs kwiidrones, ebonisa indlela enegalelo ngayo kwinqwelomoya ezinzileyo, ukuhamba ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuphepha imiqobo.
Kwintliziyo yayo yonke i-drone ephezulu yokusebenza yi-IMU, indibano yenzwa eyinkimbinkimbi elinganisa ngononophelo kwaye irekhode intshukumo ye-drone-dimensional motion. Ngokudibanisa i-gyroscopes, i-accelerometers kunye ne-magnetometers, i-IMU ibonelela ngedatha ebalulekileyo kwisimo sengqondo se-drone, i-acceleration kunye ne-angular velocity. Olu lwazi alulolwazi nje olongezelelweyo; kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukubhabha okuzinzile kunye nokuhamba okusebenzayo. I-IMU isebenza njengengqondo ye-drone, ukucubungula idatha yexesha langempela kunye nokwazisa inkqubo yokulawula i-flight, evumela ukusebenza ngokungenamthungo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.
Enye yezinto ezibalaseleyo ze-IMU kukukwazi ukubonelela ngolwazi lwexesha lokwenyani. I-IMU iqinisekisa ukuba i-drone igcina indlela yendiza ezinzileyo ngokulinganisa i-pitch angle, i-roll angle kunye ne-yaw angle ye-drone. Esi sikhundla sibaluleke ngakumbi kwiimeko ezicela umngeni ezifana nemimoya enamandla okanye isiphithiphithi, apho nokuphambuka okuncinci kunokukhokelela kwiimpazamo ezinzulu zokukhangela. Ngemilinganiselo echanekileyo ye-IMU, abaqhubi bedrone banokuqiniseka ukuba iidrone zabo ziya kusebenza ngokuthembekileyo nakwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu.
Ukongeza, i-IMU ikwadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuncediseni ukuhamba ngenqanawa. Xa zidityaniswe nezinye izixhobo zoluvo ezifana ne-GPS, idatha enikezelwe yi-IMU yonyusa isakhono sedrone ukumisela indawo yayo kunye nokuma kwayo ngokuchaneka okuphezulu kakhulu. Intsebenziswano phakathi kwe-IMU kunye neteknoloji ye-GPS yenza ukuba uhambe ngendlela echanekileyo, ivumela iidrones ukuba ziphumeze ngokulula iindlela zenqwelomoya kunye nemishini. Nokuba zenza imephu yeendawo ezinkulu zeefama okanye ziqhuba uhlolo lwasemoyeni, ii-IMUs ziqinisekisa ukuba iidrones zihlala endleleni kwaye zinika iziphumo ezihlangabezana okanye ezingaphezulu kobekulindelekile.
Ukongeza kwi-navigation, i-IMU inceda ukuphepha imiqobo kunye nokugcina indiza ezinzileyo. Idatha eyenziwa yi-IMU yondliwa kwi-algorithm yokulawula indiza, ivumela i-drone ukuba ibone kwaye igweme imiqobo ngexesha langempela. Esi sikhundla sibalulekile kwizicelo ezifana neenkonzo zokuhanjiswa kweenkonzo, apho iidrones kufuneka zihambe kwindawo engqonge idolophu ezaliswe zizakhiwo, imithi kunye nezinye iingozi ezinokubakho. Ngokusebenzisa idatha evela kwi-IMU, i-drone inokwenza izigqibo eziqhekezayo zesibini ukuguqula indlela yayo yendiza, iqinisekise ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
Izinzwa eziphezulu ngaphakathi kwe-IMU, kuquka i-MEMS sensors kunye ne-three-axis gyroscopes, zingundoqo ekufezekiseni obu buchule buphawulekayo. I-sensors ze-MEMS zisebenzisa izakhiwo ezincinci zoomatshini ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo ukukhawuleza kunye nesantya se-angular, ngelixa ii-gyroscopes ezintathu-axis zibamba ukuhamba okujikelezayo kwe-drone kwimilinganiselo emithathu. Ngokudibeneyo, la macandelo enza inkqubo enamandla evumela i-drone ukuba isebenze ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuthembeka okungenakulinganiswa.
Ngamafutshane, ukusetyenziswa kweIMUitekhnoloji kwi-drones iya kutshintsha imithetho yoshishino. I-IMU iphucula ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwe-drone ngokubonelela ngedatha eyimfuneko yenqwelomoya ezinzileyo, ukuhamba ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuphepha imiqobo esebenzayo. Njengoko imakethi yedrone iqhubeka nokukhula, utyalo-mali kwitekhnoloji ye-IMU ephucukileyo ngokungathandabuzekiyo iya kuba yinto ephambili ekuphumezeni ukugqwesa kokusebenza kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zamashishini ahlukeneyo. Yamkela ikamva lokubhabha nge-IMU-equipped drones kunye namava umahluko ngokuchanekileyo kunye nozinzo oluziswa yimisebenzi yasemoyeni.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-10-2024