Funda ngeeYunithi zoMlinganiselo oNgaphakathi (IMUs) kunye nezisombululo zabo zengqondo

Kwihlabathi elikhula ngokukhawuleza letekhnoloji,iiyunithi zomlinganiselo we-inertial (IMUs)zigqame njengamacandelo abalulekileyo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kwi-aerospace ukuya kwiinkqubo zeemoto. Eli nqaku lijonge kubunzima be-IMU, amandla ayo, kunye nendima yayo ebalulekileyo ekuboneleleni ngezisombululo zesimo sengqondo.

 

####Yintoni i-IMU?

 

Aniyunithi yokulinganisa inertial (IMU)sisixhobo esintsonkothileyo esilinganisa amandla athile, isantya se-angular, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha imagnethi esingqongileyo. Ikakhulu isetyenziselwa ukumisela isalathiso kunye nokuhamba kwezinto kwisithuba esine-dimensional ezintathu. I-IMU yinkqubo ye-strapdown inertial navigation system, oku kuthetha ukuba ayifuni naziphi na iindawo ezihambayo ukuba zisebenze, ziyenze icwecwe kwaye inokwethenjelwa.

 

#### Ingenza ntoni i-IMU?

 

Ukusebenza kwe-IMU kubanzi kakhulu. Ilandelela ukuhamba kwezinto, ukubonelela ngedatha ebalulekileyo yokuhamba, ukuzinza kunye neenkqubo zokulawula. Kwi-aerospace, ii-IMUs zisetyenziswa kwinqwelo-moya nakwi-spacecraft ukugcina indlela kunye nendlela. Kwizicelo zeemoto, zongeza uzinzo kunye nokukwazi ukuhamba, ngakumbi kwiindawo apho iimpawu ze-GPS zinokuba buthathaka okanye zingabikho. Ukongeza, ii-IMUs zibalulekile kwiirobhothi, iinyani zokwenyani, kunye nezixhobo eziphathwayo, ezivumela ukulandelela okuchanekileyo kunye nokusebenzisana komsebenzisi.

 

#### Iqulathe ntoni i-IMU?

 

I-IMU idla ngokuba namacandelo amathathu aphambili: i-accelerometer, igyroscope, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha imagnetometer. I-Accelerometers ilinganisa isantya somgca we-acceleration ecaleni kwe-axes ezintathu (X, Y, no-Z), ngelixa ii-gyroscopes zilinganisa umyinge wokujikeleza kwezi zembe. Ezinye ii-IMUs eziphambili zikwabandakanya iimagnetometers ukubonelela ngedatha yokuqhelaniswa eyongezelelweyo ngokunxulumene nomhlaba womhlaba. Le ndibaniselwano yezinzwa yenza ukuba i-IMU ibonelele ngentshukumo ebanzi kunye nedatha yokuqhelanisa.

 

####IMU umgaqo wokusebenza

 

Umgaqo osebenzayo we-IMU usekelwe ekudityanisweni kwedatha yenzwa ngexesha. I-Accelerometers ibona utshintsho kwisantya, ngelixa ii-gyroscopes zilinganisa utshintsho kwi-angular position. Ngokuqhubeka nokusampula le milinganiselo, i-IMU ingabala indawo yangoku yento kunye nokuqhelaniswa nemvelaphi yayo. Nangona kunjalo, kuyafaneleka ukuqaphela ukuba i-IMU ibonelela ngolwazi lokuma okuhambelanayo, oku kuthetha ukuba ilandelelanisa intshukumo ukusuka kwimvelaphi eyaziwayo, kodwa ayiboneleli ngedatha yendawo yonke.

 

Ukuphucula ukusebenza kwazo, ii-IMU zihlala zidityaniswa ne-Global Positioning System (GPS) ubuchwepheshe. Nangona iGPS ibonelela ngokuma ngokupheleleyo, ayinakuthembakala kwindawo ethile, njengemiwonyo yasezidolophini okanye amahlathi ashinyeneyo. Kule meko, i-IMU ihlawulela ukulahleka kweempawu ze-GPS, ivumela izithuthi kunye nezixhobo zokugcina ukuhamba ngokuchanekileyo kwaye zigweme "ukulahleka."

 

#### Isishwankathelo

 

Ukuqukumbela, iiyunithi yokulinganisa inertial (IMU)Bubuchwephesha obubalulekileyo obudlala indima ebalulekileyo kuhambo lwangoku kunye neenkqubo zokulandela umkhondo. Ngokudibanisa i-accelerometers kunye ne-gyroscopes, ii-IMUs zibonelela ngedatha ebalulekileyo yokumisela i-orientation kunye nokunyakaza kwento. Ngelixa ibonelela ngolwazi oluhambelanayo lokuma, ukudityaniswa kwayo nobuchwepheshe beGPS kuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzisi banokugcina ukukhangela okuchanekileyo nakwiimeko ezinzima. Njengoko iteknoloji iqhubela phambili, ii-IMU ziya kuhlala zisisiseko sophuhliso lwezisombululo ezintsha kuwo wonke amashishini, ukuphucula ukhuseleko, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye namava omsebenzisi.

 

Nokuba usebenza kwi-aerospace, i-automotive, okanye i-robotics, ukuqonda amandla kunye nezakhono ze-IMU kubalulekile ekuqondeni amandla ayo apheleleyo kwisicelo sakho.